Persepsi dan Adopsi Peternak terhadap Praktik Usahatani Baik (Good Farming Practices) Budidaya Sapi Potong di Kabupaten Minahasa

Abstract

ABSTRAK. Penerapan praktik usahatani yang baik (good farming practices) pada budidaya ternak sapi potong dimaksudkan untuk meningkatkan kualitas, jaminan dan keamanan produk budi daya sapi potong, serta mewujudkan budi daya ternak sapi potong untuk keamanan pangan yang sehat, berkelanjutan dan ramah lingkungan. Penelitian bertujuan mengidentifikasi persepsi dan adopsi pada penerapan usahatani yang baik pada budidaya sapi potong di Kabupaten Minahasa. Penelitian menggunakan metode survai untuk mengumpulkan data pada 60 peternak sampel responden yang dipilih secara purposive sampling masing-masing 15 sampel pada 4 kecamatan sentra sapi potong. Analisis data menggunakan pendekatan penelitian asosisatif yang besifat analisis hubungan antara dua variabel atau lebih dengan pendekatan statistik non parametric Chi-square. Variabel tidak bebas tingkat penerapan inovasi (Y) dan variabel bebas karakeristik responden (X₃) diukur melalui skor skala nominal. Sedangkan variabel persepsi (X₁) dan adopsi (X₂) diukur melalui skala ordinal Likert terkait inovasi praktik usahatani baik atau good farming practices (GFP) budidaya ternak potong. Analisis data menggunakan Chi-Square test dengan alat pengolahan data menggunakan software SPSS 21. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa persepsi (X₁) dan adopsi (X₂) praktik usahatani baik melalui pemerintah, penyuluh ataupun sumber dan media sosial, akan meningkatkan penerapan oleh peternak terhadap inovasi budidaya ternak sapi potong. Sedangkan karakteristik peternak (X3) baik umur, pendidikan, lama beternak, jumlah kepemilikan ternak, serta intensitas penyuluhan dan media komunikasi tentang inovasi praktik usahatani baik (good farming practices) budidaya ternak sapi potong tidak mempengaruhi tingkat penerapan inovasi praktik usahatani baik (good farming practices) budidaya ternak sapi potong.

Kata kunci: Persepsi, adopsi, GFP, usahatani, sapi

Farmers' Perception and Adoption of Good Farming Practices for Beef Cattle Farming in Minahasa Regency

ABSTRACT. The implementation of good agricultural practices in cattle farming is intended to improve the quality, assurance and and safety of cattle farming products, as well as realizing healthy, sustainable and environmentally friendly beef cattle farming. The research aims to identify perceptions and adoption of good farming practices for beef cattle cultivation in Minahasa Regency. The research uses survey methods to collect data. Data analysis uses an associative research approach which is an examination of the relationship between two or more factors or variables with a non-parametric Chi-square statistical approach. The level of innovation implementation as the dependent variable (Y) and the respondent's characteristics (X₃) as one of the independent variables are measured through nominal scale scores. Meanwhile, the variables perception (X₁) and adoption (X₂) are measured using an ordinal Likert scale related to innovation in good farming practices (GFP) for beef livestock farming. Data analysis used the Chi-Square test with data processing tools using the application SPSS 21 software. This research provides results that the perception (X₁) and adoption (X₂) of farming practices either through the government, extension workers or certain sources and communications, will increase the application by farmers of good farming practice innovations beef livestock farming. Meanwhile, the characteristics of farmers (X₃), including age, education, length of breeding, number of livestock ownership, as well as the intensity of counseling and communication media regarding good farming practice innovations in beef cattle farming, do not influence the level of implementation by breeders of good farming practice innovations of beef cattle farming.