Optimalisasi Performa Produksi Broiler yang Dipelihara dalam Kondisi Heat Stress Menggunakan Antioksidan Alami ‘Kalincuang’

Akhis Soleh Ismail, Yose Rizal, Armenia Armenia, Anwar Kasim

Abstract


ABSTRAK. ‘Kalincuang’ adalah limbah cair yang dihasilkan dari proses pembuatan gambir (Uncaria gambir). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat peran ‘kalincuang’ sebagai antioksidan alami untuk mengoptimalkan performa produksi broiler yang dipelihara dalam kondisi heat stress. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan 6 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan. Perlakuan yang digunakan terdiri dari P1: 0 ppm ‘kalincuang’ (kontrol negatif), P2: 250 ppm vitamin C (kontrol positif), P3, P4, P5, dan P6 adalah pemberian ‘kalincuang’ dengan kadar 125, 250, 500, dan 1000 ppm. Ayam yang digunakan adalah broiler pejantan CP 707 berumur 21 hari. Ayam dipelihara dalam kandang baterai yang terbuat dari besi dan seng. Untuk membuat kondisi heat stress digunakan suhu kandang 36oC selama 8 jam/hari. Pakan dan air minum diberikan secara adlibitum dan pemberian ‘kalincuang’ maupun vitamin C dilakukan melalui air minum. Ayam dipelihara selama 2 minggu (21-35 hari). Mingu pertama adalah masa adaptasi dan minggu kedua adalah masa koleksi. Parameter yang diamati terdiri atas konsumsi pakan, konsumsi air minum, pertambahan berat badan (PBB), FCR (Feed convertion ratio), berat hidup, dan mortalitas. Rataan berat badan umur 35 hari tertinggi pada P5 sebesar 1602,5 g, PBB tertinggi pada P5 sebesar 375 g, total konsumsi pakan tertinggi pada P3 sebesar 863 g, konsumsi air minum terendah pada P6 sebesar 241 mL, FCR terendah pada P6 sebesar 1,95 dan mortalitas terendah terdapat pada P2, P5 dan P6 dengan mortalitas sebesar 0%. Dari hasil ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa ‘kalincuang’ dapat digunakan untuk mengoptimalkan performa produksi broiler yang dipelihara dalam kondisi heat stress dengan kadar pemberian 500 ppm.

Kata kunci: Antioksidan, broiler, gambir, heat stress, ‘kalincuang’, performa


Optimization of Broiler Production Performance Reared Under Heat Stress Conditions Using Natural Antioxidants 'Kalincuang'

 

ABSTRACT. 'Kalincuang' is a liquid by-product from the process of making gambier (Uncaria gambir). This study aims to look at the role of 'kalincuang' as a natural antioxidant to optimize the production performance of broilers maintained in heat stress conditions. The design used is a completely randomized design (CRD) with 6 treatments and 4 repeats. The treatment used consisting of P1: 0 ppm 'kalincuang' (negative control), P2: 250 ppm vitamin C (positive control), P3, P4, P5, and P6 is the administration of 'kalincuang' with levels of 125, 250, 500, and 1000 ppm. The chicken used is a 21-day-old CP 707 male broiler. Broilers are kept in battery cages made of iron and zinc. To make heat stress conditions used cage temperature 36oC for 8 hours/day. Feed and drinking water are given ad-libitum and the administration of 'kalincuang' and vitamin C is done through drinking water. Broilers are kept for 2 weeks (21-35 days). The first week is the adaptation period and the second week is the collection time. The observed parameters consisted of feed consumption, drinking water consumption, weight gain, Feed conversion ratio (FCR), life weight, and mortality. The highest average body weight at 35 days of age was at P5 at 1602.5 g, the highest PBB was at P5 at 375 g, the highest total feed intake was at P3 at 863 g, the lowest water intake at P6 was 241 mL, the lowest FCR at P6 was 1, 95 and the lowest mortality was in P2, P5 and P6 with a mortality of 0%. These results it can be concluded that 'kalincuang' can be used to optimize the production performance of broilers maintained in heat stress conditions with a given level of 1000 ppm.


Keywords


Antioksidan, broiler, gambir, heat stress, ‘kalincuang’, performa.

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.24014/jupet.v19i1.15051

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