The Dau Balak Tradition in Lampung Traditional Marriage Perspective Asy-Syâthibî
Abstract
Wedding traditions in Indonesia are very diverse, one of which is the “Dau Balak” tradition in Lampung traditi onal marriage (pepadun). “Dau Balak” are wedding expenses that must be prepared by the prospective husband before carrying out the marriage contract, these costs must be met and are not part of the dowry. This tradition is interesting to study in more depth because it is not found in the literature on marriage jurisprudence (munakahat). This article was written based on field research using descriptive-qualitative methods using a phenomenological approach. The “Dau Balak” tradition will not be found in the study of marriage jurisprudence, but this tradition can be studied using the approach used by al-Syâthibî. Research data was obtained through observation, interviews and documentation. The research results show that the “Dau Balak” tradition has been carried out for generations by the people of Lampung. They still do it as an appreciation for the cultural heritage of their ancestors. Through al-Muwâfaqât fî Ushûl al-Ahkâm, al-Syâthibî divides tradition into two parts, namely: traditions established by the Shari’a (al-‘âdah al-syar'iyyah) and traditions not found in the Shari’a (al-‘âdah al-jâriyyah). The “Dau Balak” tradition is included in the al-‘âdah al-jâriyyah category, namely a tradition that has been passed down from generation to generation and Islam does not specifically discuss this tradition. This tradition can be accepted by Islamic law because it has a good purpose and brings benefit to humans. The “Dau Balak” tradition is part of the nation’s cultural treasures which can be preserved as a typical marriage identity of the Lampung people (pepadun).
Abstrak: Tradisi perkawinan di Indonesia sangat beragam, salah satunya adalah tradisi “Dau Balak” pada perkawinan adat Lampung (pepadun). “Dau Balak” adalah biaya perkawinan yang harus disiapkan oleh calon suami sebelum melaksanakan akad nikah, biaya tersebut harus dipenuhi dan bukan bagian dari mahar. Tradisi ini menarik dikaji lebih mendalam karena tidak ditemukan dalam literatur fikih perkawinan (munakahat). Artikel ini ditulis berdasarkan penelitian lapangan dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif-kualitatif melalui pendekatan fenomenologi. Tradisi “Dau Balak” tidak akan ditemukan pada kajian fikih perkawinan, namun tradisi ini dapat dikaji menggunakan pendekatan yang digunakan oleh al-Syâthibî. Data penelitian diperoleh melalui observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tradisi “Dau Balak” sudah dilakukan secara turun-temurun oleh masyarakat Lampung. Mereka tetap melaksanakannya sebagai apresiasi atas warisan budaya para leluhur. Melalui al-Muwâfaqât fî Ushûl al-Ahkâm, ia membagi tradisi menjadi dua bagian, yaitu: tradisi yang ditetapkan oleh syariat (al-‘âdah al- syar’iyyah) dan tradisi yang tidak ditemukan dalam syariat (al-‘âdah al-jâriyyah). Tradisi “Dau Balak” termasuk kategori al-‘âdah al-jâriyyah, yaitu tradisi yang berlangsung turun-temurun dan Islam tidak membicarakan secara spesifik tradisi tersebut. Tradisi ini dapat diterima oleh syariat Islam karena mempunyai tujuan yang baik dan membawa kemaslahatan bagi manusia. Tradisi “Dau Balak” merupakan bagian dari khazanah budaya bangsa yang bisa dilestarikan sebagai identitas perkawinan khas masyarakat Lampung (pepadun).
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.24014/an-nida.v48i1.29803
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