Student Voices on PAI Learning in Developing Honesty, Trustworthiness, and Moral Performance for Digital Integrity among Junior High School Students
Abstract
This study is motivated by the discrepancy between students' conceptual understanding of honesty and trustworthiness and their practical application in the era of cyber disruption. The research aims to explore student voices regarding their learning experiences in Islamic Religious Education (Pendidikan Agama Islam, or PAI) concerning the cultivation of integrity, as well as to evaluate the integration of these values into their digital behavior. Employing a descriptive qualitative approach, the study involved 28 eighth-grade students from three private Islamic junior high schools in Bandung. Data were collected using open-ended questionnaires via SurveyHeart and thematically analyzed using NVivo 15, adhering to the three-stage Miles and Huberman model: data condensation, data display, and conclusion drawing. Data validity was established through source triangulation across the participating schools and credibility verification via informal member checking during classroom observations. The findings indicate that students hold a positive perception of PAI learning; topics concerning honesty and trustworthiness are particularly engaging when delivered through interactive methods such as storytelling. However, the learning process is hindered by the cognitive load associated with memorizing religious scriptures (dalil), the technical constraints of digital applications, and last-period scheduling. Although the subject matter is perceived as highly relevant at a foundational normative level (e.g., maintaining honesty during examinations), the findings expose a critical blind spot: none of the students' narratives demonstrated an integration of this moral understanding with their cyber behavior. Current learning outcomes remain confined to the development ofmoral knowingand have yet to translate into digitalmoral performance, particularly in navigating the dilemmas of social media hoaxes. Consequently, pedagogical orientations must shift from textual memorization to case-based learning, utilizing performative assessments that incorporate digital dilemma simulations to cultivate ethical digital citizenship among adolescents.
Keywords
References
Albert, D., Chein, J., & Steinberg, L. (2013). The Teenage Brain: Peer Influences on Adolescent Decision Making. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 22(2), 114–120. https://doi.org/10.1177/0963721412471347
Arahman, M. A. H., & Pratikno, A. S. (2022). Urgensi Pendidikan Karakter di Tengah Masifnya Pengaruh Globalisasi Kebudayaan: Ditinjau dari Perspektif Agama Islam. Attanwir : Jurnal Keislaman Dan Pendidikan, 13(2), 133–145. https://doi.org/10.53915/jurnalkeislamandanpendidikan.v13i2.124
Arthur, J. (2024). Character Education in Universities. Church, Communication and Culture, 9(2), 329–344. https://doi.org/10.1080/23753234.2024.2390128
Bandura, A. (1977). Social Learning Theory. Prentice-Hall.
Bandura, A. (1991). Social Cognitive Theory of Moral Thought and Action.
Berkowitz, M. W. (2011). Leading Schools of Character. In A. Blankstein & P. Houston, Leadership for Social Justice and Democracy in Our Schools (pp. 93–122). Corwin Press. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781506335278.n5
Berkowitz, M. W., & Bier, M. C. (2004). Research-Based Character Education. The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 591(1), 72–85. https://doi.org/10.1177/0002716203260082
Biesta, G. J. J. (2015). Good Education in an Age of Measurement (0 ed.). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315634319
Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using Thematic Analysis in Psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2), 77–101. https://doi.org/10.1191/1478088706qp063oa
Braun, V., Clarke, V., Boulton, E., Davey, L., & McEvoy, C. (2021). The Online Survey as A Qualitative Research Tool. International Journal of Social Research Methodology, 24(6), 641–654. https://doi.org/10.1080/13645579.2020.1805550
Cohen, L., Manion, L., & Morrison, K. (2017). Research Methods in Education (8th ed.). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315456539
Cook-Sather, A. (2006). Sound, Presence, and Power: “Student Voice” in Educational Research and Reform. Curriculum Inquiry, 36(4), 359–390. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-873X.2006.00363.x
Corbelli, G., Cicirelli, P. G., D’Errico, F., & Paciello, M. (2023). Preventing Prejudice Emerging from Misleading News among Adolescents: The Role of Implicit Activation and Regulatory Self-Efficacy in Dealing with Online Misinformation. Social Sciences, 12(9), 470. https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci12090470
Corriveau, K. H., & Harris, P. L. (2010). Preschoolers (sometimes) defer to the majority in making simple perceptual judgments. Developmental Psychology, 46(2), 437–445. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0017553
Creswell, J. W. (2017). Qualitative Inquiry and Research Design: Choosing Among Five Approaches. SAGE Publications.
Creswell, J. W., & Creswell, J. D. (2018). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches (Fifth edition). SAGE.
Curren, R. (2017). Why Character Education? Impact, (24), 1–44. https://doi.org/10.1111/2048-416X.2017.12004.x
Davidson, M., Lickona, T., & Khmelkov, V. (2008). Smart & Good Schools: A New Paradigm for High School Character Education.
Dweck, C. (2016). Mindset: The New Psychology of Success (Updated edition). Random House Publishing Group.
Eryandi, E. (2023). Integrasi Nilai-Nilai Keislaman dalam Pendidikan Karakter di Era Digital. Kaipi: Kumpulan Artikel Ilmiah Pendidikan Islam, 1(1), 12–16. https://doi.org/10.62070/kaipi.v1i1.27
Fathurrochman, I., & Apriani, E. (2017). Pendidikan Karakter Prespektif Pendidikan Islam dalam Upaya Deradikalisasi Paham Radikal. POTENSIA: Jurnal Kependidikan Islam, 3(1), 122. https://doi.org/10.24014/potensia.v3i1.2726
Firmansyah, Mokh. I. (2019). Pendidikan Agama Islam: Pengertian, Tujuan, Dasar, dan Fungsi. 17(2), 79–90. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.17509/tk.v17i2.43562
Flavell, J. H. (1979). Metacognition and Cognitive Monitoring: A New Area of Cognitive-Developmental Inquiry. American Psychologist, 34(10), 906–911. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.34.10.906
Flick, U. (2018). An Introduction to Qualitative Research (Sixth edition). SAGE.
Guess, A., Nagler, J., & Tucker, J. (2019). Less than You Think: Prevalence and Predictors of Fake News Dissemination on Facebook. Science Advances, 5(1), eaau4586. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aau4586
Halstead, J. M. (2007). Islamic Values: A Distinctive Framework for Moral Education. Journal of Moral Education, 36(3), 283–296. https://doi.org/10.1080/03057240701643056
Han, H. (2014). Purpose of Life in Character Education. 43(4), 450–465.
Harris, P. L. (2012). Trusting What You’re Told: How Children Learn from Others. Belknap press of Harvard University press.
Harris, P. L., & Koenig, M. A. (2006). Trust in Testimony: How Children Learn About Science and Religion. Child Development, 77(3), 505–524. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8624.2006.00886.x
Jackson, K., & Bazeley, P. (2019). Qualitative Data Analysis with NVivo. SAGE Publications.
James, C. (2014). Disconnected: Youth, New Media, and the Ethics Gap. The MIT Press. https://doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/9688.001.0001
Jonassen, D. H. (2000). Toward A Design Theory of Problem Solving. Educational Technology Research and Development, 48(4), 63–85. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02300500
Jones, L. M., & Mitchell, K. J. (2016). Defining and Measuring Youth Digital Citizenship. New Media & Society, 18(9), 2063–2079. https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444815577797
Jones, S. M., & Bouffard, S. M. (2012). Social and Emotional Learning in Schools: From Programs to Strategies and commentaries. Child Policy Nexus, 26(4), 1–33. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.2379-3988.2012.tb00073.x
Jones, S. M., Brush, K. E., Wettje, S., Ramirez, T., Poddar, A., Kannarr, A., Barnes, S. P., Hooper, A., Brion-Meisels, G., & Chng, E. (2022). Navigating SEL from the Inside Out: Looking Inside & Across Leading SEL Programs: A Practical Resource for School and OST Providers (Middle & High School). The EASEL Lab @Harvard Graduate School of Education.
Jones, S. M., & Kahn, J. (2017). The Evidence Base for How We Learn Supporting Students’ Social, Emotional, and Academic Development [Consensus Statements of Evidence From the Council of Distinguished Scientists]. National Commission on Social, Emotional, and Academic Development The Aspen Institute.
Joyce, B., Weil, M., & Calhoun, E. (2015). Models of Teaching. Pearson.
Kholidah, L. N. (2025). Pola Pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam Berbasis Case Method untuk Menumbuhkembangkan Karakter Mahasiswa. 3(4), 5992–5999. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.31004/jerkin.v3i4.1846
Kohlberg, L. (1984). The Psychology of Moral Development: The Nature and Validity of Moral Stages. Harper and Row.
Komara, D. A., & Widjaya, S. N. (2024). Memahami Perilaku Informasi Gen-Z dan Strategi Melawan Disinformasi: Sebuah Tinjauan Literatur Penggunaan Media Sosial. Jurnal Pustaka Ilmiah, 10(2), 155. https://doi.org/10.20961/jpi.v10i2.85775
Kristjánsson, K. (2015). Aristotelian Character Education (1st ed.). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315752747
Lan, D. H., & Tung, T. M. (2024). Exploring fake news awareness and trust in the age of social media among university student TikTok users. Cogent Social Sciences, 10(1), 2302216. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311886.2024.2302216
Lickona, T. (1991). Educating for Character. Bantam Books.
Lincoln, Y. S., & Guba, E. G. (1985). Naturalistic Inquiry. SAGE Publications.
Lungu, M. (2022). The Coding Manual for Qualitative Researchers. American Journal of Qualitative Research, 6(1), 232–237. https://doi.org/10.29333/ajqr/12085
Mager, U., & Nowak, P. (2012). Effects of Student Participation in Decision Making at School. A Systematic Review and Synthesis of Empirical Research. Educational Research Review, 7(1), 38–61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.edurev.2011.11.001
Miles, M. B., Huberman, A. M., & Saldaña, J. (2014). Qualitative Data Analysis: A Methods Sourcebook (Edition 3). Sage.
Mitra, D. L. (2004). The Significance of Students: Can Increasing “Student Voice” in Schools Lead to Gains in Youth Development? Teachers College Record: The Voice of Scholarship in Education, 106(4), 651–688. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9620.2004.00354.x
Morgan, B., & Fowers, B. (2022). Empathy and Authenticity Online: The Roles of Moral Identity, Moral Disengagement and Parenting Style. Journal of Personality, 90(2), 183–202. https://doi.org/10.1111/jopy.12661
Muhammad, G., Rahmat, M., & Ganeswara, G. M. (2020). Pendidikan Karakter Gemar Membaca Melalui Gerakan Literasi Sekolah. PEDADIDAKTIKA: Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Guru Sekolah Dasar, 7(1), 10–20. https://doi.org/10.17509/pedadidaktika.v7i1.26325
Narvaez, D. (2006). Integrative Ethical Education (4th ed.).
Nesi, J., Choukas-Bradley, S., & Prinstein, M. J. (2018). Transformation of Adolescent Peer Relations in the Social Media Context: Part 1—A Theoretical Framework and Applica-tion to Dyadic Peer Relationships. Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review, 21(3), 267–294. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10567-018-0261-x
Nucci, L., & Narvaez, D. (Eds.). (2014). Handbook of Moral and Character Education (0 ed.). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203114896
Nucci, L. P. (2001). Education in the Moral Domain. Cambridge University Press.
Paciello, M., Corbelli, G., & D’Errico, F. (2023). The role of self-efficacy beliefs in dealing with misinformation among adolescents. Frontiers in Psychology, 14, 1155280. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1155280
Palfrey, J., & Gasser, U. (2016). Born Digital: How Children Grow Up in A Digital Age (Re-vised and expanded). Basic Books.
Patton, M. Q. (2015). Qualitative Research & Evaluation Methods: Integrating Theory and Practice. SAGE Publications.
Pekrun, R., Goetz, T., Titz, W., & Perry, R. P. (2002). Academic Emotions in Students’ Self-Regulated Learning and Achievement: A Program of Qualitative and Quantitative Re-search. Educational Psychologist, 37(2), 91–105. https://doi.org/10.1207/S15326985EP3702_4
Pennycook, G., & Rand, D. G. (2021). The Psychology of Fake News. Trends in Cognitive Sci-ences, 25(5), 388–402. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2021.02.007
Putricia, Z. (2026). Analisis Fenomena Hoaks dan Misinformasi dalam Perspektif Etika Komu-nikasi Islam: Urgensi Prinsip Tabayyun di Era Digital. 55–62.
Rahmi, U. Q., Alfalah, S. R., Supriadi, U., Jamil, H., & Zetri, S. (2025). Sinergitas Kemampuan Pedagogik Guru dan Orang Tua dalam Mengembangkan Sikap Sosial-Spiritual Peserta Didik pada Pendidikan Agama Islam. 6(1), 13–31. https://doi.org/https://dx.doi.org/10.31958/atjpi.v6i1.14958
Rahmi, U. Q., Melfirosha, B. N., & Parhan, M. (2025). Disparitas dan Sinergitas Epistemologi Filsafat Al-Farabi dan Ibnu Sina dalam Pendidikan Islam 5.0. Refleksi Jurnal Filsafat Dan Pemikiran Islam, 25(2), 53–92. https://doi.org/10.14421/ref.v25i2.5754
Rahmi, U. Q., Surahman, C., & Sumarna, E. (2026). Konsep Tadabbur dalam Al-Qur’an QS. Shad [38]: 29 sebagai Landasan Sinergi Pikiran dan Hati dalam PAI. 16(1), 59–78. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.22373/knjpjx83
Rest, J. R., & Narvez, D. (Eds.). (1994). Moral Development in the Professions (0 ed.). Psy-chology Press. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781410601162
Saidah, I. S. (2023). Konsep Tabayyun dalam Menyikapi Berita Hoax di Media Sosial Perspektif Tafsir al-Azhar Karya Buya Hamka. 19.
Salsabila, A. A., Dewi, D. A., & Hayat, R. S. (2023). Pentingnya Literasi di Era Digital dalam Menghadapi Hoaks di Media Sosial. Inspirasi Dunia: Jurnal Riset Pendidikan Dan Ba-hasa, 3(1), 45–54. https://doi.org/10.58192/insdun.v3i1.1775
Sandelowski, M. (2000). Whatever Happened to Qualitative Description? Research in Nursing & Health, 23(4), 334–340. https://doi.org/10.1002/1098-240X(200008)23:4%3C334::AID-NUR9%3E3.0.CO;2-G
Seider, S. (2012). Character Compass: How Powerful School Culture Can Point Students To-ward Success. Harvard Education Press.
Selman, R. L. (1980). The Growth of Interpersonal Understanding: Developmental and Clinical Analyses. Academic press.
Selman, R. L. (2003). The Promotion of Social Awareness: Powerful Lessons from The Part-nership of Developmental Theory and Classroom Practice. Russell Sage Foundation.
Shields, D. L. (2011). Character as the Transformation of Character: Moral Character vs. Per-formance Character. 9(1), 19–35.
Silverman, D. (Ed.). (2021). Qualitative Research (5E ed.). SAGE.
Sweller, J. (1988). Cognitive Load During Problem Solving: Effects on Learning. Cognitive Science, 12(2), 257–285. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15516709cog1202_4
Thahir, M. (2024). Evaluasi Program Merdeka Belajar dalam Pembentukan Karakter Islami Siswa: Survei di Sekolah Menengah Provinsi Riau. POTENSIA: Jurnal Kependidikan Islam, 10(2), 237. https://doi.org/10.24014/potensia.v10i2.33469
Tracy, S. J. (2020). Qualitative Research Methods: Collecting Evidence, Crafting Analysis, Communicating Impact (Second edition). Wiley-Blackwell.
Walker, D. I., Thoma, S. J., Jones, C., & Kristjánsson, K. (2017). Adolescent Moral Develop-ment: A Study of Virtue Knowledge, Reasoning, and Decision-Making. British Educa-tional Research Journal, 43(3), 588–607. https://doi.org/10.1002/berj.3274
Wardle, C., & Derakhshan, H. (2017). Information Disorder: Toward an Interdisciplinary Framework for Research and Policymaking. Council of Europe.
Weissbourd, R. (1996). The Vulnerable Child: What Really Hurts America’s Children and What We Can Do About It (1. print. November 1995). Addison-Wesley.
Weissbourd, R. (2010). The Parents We Mean to Be: How Well-Intentioned Adults Undermine Children’s Moral and Emotional Development (1st ed). HarperCollins Publishers.
Weissbourd, R., & Jones, S. M. (2014). The Children We Mean to Raise: The Real Messages Adults Are Sending About Values. Making Caring Common Project, Harvard Graduate School of Education. https://mcc.gse.harvard.edu/reports/children-mean-raise
Yulianti, L., Kosasih, A., & Firmansyah, Mokh. I. (2026). Fenomena Dakwah Digital di Media Sosial dalam Perspektif Mahasiswa Muslim Gen Z dan Pengaruhnya terhadap Akhlak Mereka. Reslaj: Religion Education Social Laa Roiba Journal, 8(3). https://doi.org/10.47467/reslaj.v8i3.11454
Yuliharti, Y. (2019). Pembentukan Karakter Islami dalam Hadis dan Implikasinya pada Jalur Pendidikan Non Formal. POTENSIA: Jurnal Kependidikan Islam, 4(2), 216. https://doi.org/10.24014/potensia.v4i2.5918
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.24014/potensia.v12i1.39705
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2026 POTENSIA: Jurnal Kependidikan Islam

Potensia: Jurnal Kependidikan Islam
E-ISSN: 2442-5605
Published By:
Fakultas Tarbiyah dan Keguruan Universitas Islam Negeri Sultan Syarif Kasim Riau, Indonesia
Mailing Address:
Jl. H.R Soebrantas Km. 15 No. 155 Kelurahan Simpang Baru Kecamatan Tuah Madani, Pekanbaru, Riau, Indonesia
email: potensia.ftk@uin-suska.ac.id
Indexed By:
POTENSIA: Jurnal Kependidikan Islam is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
_-_Copyy2_(1)_copy1.jpg)



.jpg)
.png)
.jpg)
.jpg)



