The Impact of Early Marriage on Early Childhood Parenting Among Malay Communities

Abstract

ABSTRAK. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dampak pernikahan dini terhadap pola asuh orang tua pada anak usia dini dan faktor-faktor penyebab terjadinya pernikahan dini di kalangan masyarakat Melayu Kecamatan Pujud Early Childhood Islamic Education Study Program, Faculty of Tarbiyah and Teacher Training, Sultan Syarif Kasim State Islamic University RiauKabupaten Rokan Hilir Provinsi Riau. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Informan penelitian ini adalah tiga pasang suami istri dari enam pasang di mana sang istri menikah di usia dini  di Kecamatan Pujud Kabupaten Rokan Hilir. Metode pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian ini menggambarkan: 1)  Dampak pernikahan dini terhadap pola asuh orang tua pada anak usia dini di kalangan suku Melayu Kecamatan Pujud Kabupaten Rokan Hilir mengakibatkan terjadinya kesulitan-kesulitan orang tua dalam pengasuhan seperti dalam mengatasi anak yang sulit diatur, panik saat anak sakit, sulit mengontrol emosi di kala marah dan lainya. Hal ini disebabkan karena kurangnya pengetahuan orang tua tentang pengasuhan (parenting) dan belum matangnya emosional orang tua sehingga berdampak pada pengasuhan anak. Pola asuh yang diterapkan orang tua yang menikah dini pada pengasuhan anak usia dini terlihat bervariasi, ada yang menggunakan pola permisif, ada yang otoriter dan ada juga yang demokratis. Usia istri yang menikah dini dapat melakukan pengasuhan ke arah demokratis apabila ditopang dengan kematangan dan tingkat pendidikan suami yang mempu mengedukasi sang istri. 2) Faktor-faktor terjadinya pernikahan dini pada suku Melayu di Kecamatan Pujud Kabupaten Rokan Hilir adalah karena 4 faktor, yaitu faktor ekonomi, faktor sosial budaya, faktor  pendidikan dan  faktor pergaulan bebas.

Kata Kunci: Pernikahan Dini, Pola Asuh, Anak Usia Dini

ABSTRACT. This research aims to determine the impact of early marriage on parenting patterns for young children and the factors that cause early marriage among the Malay community, Pujud District, Rokan Hilir Regency, Riau Province. This research uses a qualitative method with a case study approach. The informants for this research were three husband and wife pairs out of six couples where the wife married at an early age in Pujud District, Rokan Hilir Regency. Data collection methods were carried out through interviews and documentation. The results of this research illustrate: 1) The impact of early marriage on parenting patterns for young children among the Malay tribe, Pujud District, Rokan Hilir Regency, resulting in difficulties for parents in parenting, such as dealing with children who are difficult to manage, panicking when the child is sick, Difficulty controlling emotions when angry and so on. This is due to parents' lack of knowledge about parenting and parents' emotional immaturity, which has an impact on child care. The parenting patterns applied by parents who marry early in early childhood care seem to vary, some use a permissive pattern, some are authoritarian and some are democratic. A wife who marries early can carry out parenting in a democratic direction if it is supported by the husband's maturity and educational level which is capable of educating his wife. 2) The factors that cause early marriage in the Malay tribe in Pujud District, Rokan Hilir Regency are 4 factors, namely economic, socio-cultural, educational, and promiscuity factors.

Keyword. Early Marriage, Parenting Patterns, Early Childhood