MYSTICAL-METAPHYSICS: THE TYPE OF ISLAMIC PHILOSOPHY IN NUSANTARA IN THE 17th-18th CENTURY

Humaidi Humaidi

doi:10.24014/jush.v27i1.5438

MYSTICAL-METAPHYSICS: THE TYPE OF ISLAMIC PHILOSOPHY IN NUSANTARA IN THE 17th-18th CENTURY

Humaidi Humaidi

Abstract

This article is aimed to analyze the geneology of the origin of philosophical thinking of scientists in Nusantara, especially the one which developed in the seventeenth and the eighteenth century, also included the themes which developed in those periods as disscussion material, the object of analyzes and debate. The history of Islamic entered in Nusantara more decribed with Islamic type which demansioned mysticism. This theses is based on the Islamic capacity which united the tradition and Nusantara culture which have the same background as Islamic mysticism, especially in Hindu and Budha. Only a few mentioned that Islam in Indonesia has the type of philosophical rational. The implication of this view is only a bit of the researches connected with Islam with rationally philosophical elemension. Based on the result of the writer’s investigation about the works of Islamic scientists in Nusantara like Hamzah Fansurî, Syams al-Dîn al-Sumatranî, Nûr al-Dîn al-Ranirî, Muhammad Yûsuf al-Maqassarî, ‘Abd al-Ra’ûf al-Sinkilî, ‘Abd al-Samad al-Palimbanî, and Muhammad Nafis al-Banjari indicates that their thinking and arguments are very rational. Their work have colorize the type of thinking of Islamic Philosophy in Nusantara which have developed since the seventeenth century even they have been started since the sixteenth century

Keywords

The unity of being; neoplatonis; emanation; martabat tujuh; Nusantara

Full Text:

PDF

References

Daftar Kepustakaan

A. Harris, Khalif Muammar. “Faham Wahdah al-Wujûd dan Martabat Tujuh dalam Karya Shaykh Abd al-Samad al-Fallimbani,” Tafhim 8 (2018): 97-131.

Adamson, Peter. Great Medieval Thinkers: Al-Kindî. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2007.

Ahmat, Amin Che, dkk. An Analysis on Doctrin of Nûr Muhammad in Bahr al-Lâhût: A Corelation to Martabat Tujuh,” dalam International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Science, (2017), Vol. 7, No. 11.

al-Attas, Syed Muhammad Naquib. The Mysticism of Hamzah Fansuri (Kuala Lumpur: University of Malaya Press, 1970.

Asy’arie, Musa. Perkembangan Filsafat Islam di Indonesia: Studi atas Literatur Filsafat Islam Berbahasa Indonesia tahun 1998-2013. Yogyakarta: Universitas Islam Sunan Kalijaga, 2013.

Azra, Azumardi. Jaringan Ulama Timur Tengah dan Kepulauan Nusantara Abad XVII dan XVIII: Akar Pembaharuan Islam Indonesia. Jakarta: Kencana, 2005.

Azra, Azyumardi. The Origin of Islamic Reformism in Southeast Asia: Network of Malya-Indonesian and Middle Estern Ulama in The Seventeenth an Eghteenth Centuries. Hawai’i: University of Hawai’i Press and Crows Nest NSW: Allen and Unwin, 2004.

B., Syamsul A. dan Azmi Aziz, “Colonial Knowledge and the Reshaping of Islam, The Muslim and Islamic Education in Malaysia,” di dalam Kamaruzzaman Bustaman-Ahmad dan Patrick Jory, Islamic Studies and Islamic Education in Contemporary Southeast Asia (Kuala Lumpur: Yayasan Ilmuwan, 2011.

Idris al-Banjarie, Syekh M. Nafis bin. Ilmu Ketuhanan: Pertama Yang Indah (Ad-durrunnafis), dialihbahasakan oleh Haderanie. Jakarta: Pustaka Media Ilmu, tt.

Bohari Haji Ahmad, Haji Mohamad. The Idea of Wahdat al-Wujud in the Poetry of ‘abd al-Qadir Bidil (Persian), Ibrahim Hakki Erzurumlu (Ottoman Turkish), and Hamzah Fansuri (Malay), dissertation in Near Estern Studies in Graduate Division of the University of California at Berkeley. California: Unversity of California at Berkeley, 1989.

Bousfield, John. “Islamic Philosophy in South-East Asia,” di dalam M. B. Hooker, Islam in South-East Asia. Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1988.

Bruinessen, Martin Van. Kitab Kuning, Pesantren, dan Tareka: Tradisi-Tradisi Islam di Indonesia. Bandung: Mizan, 1999.

Butterworth, Charles, ed. The Political Aspects of Islamic Philosophy. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1990.

Corbin, Henry. History of Islamic Philosophy. London: Kegan Paul International in Association with Islamic Publication for The Insitute of Ismaili Studies, 1993.

Davidson, Herbert A. Al-Fârâbî, Avicenna, and Averros on Intellect: Their Cosmologies, Theories of the Active Intellect, and Theories of Human Intellect. New York: Oxford University Press, 1992.

De Boer, T. J. History of Islamic Philosophy in Islam. New York: Dover Publication, Inc., 1967.

Al-Fârâbî, Al-Fârâbî on the Perfect State (Mabâdi’ Ârâ Ahl al-Madînah al-Fâdila), A Revised Text with Introduction, Translation, and Commentary by Richard Walzer. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1985.

Fathurrahman, Oman. Tanbîh al-Mâsyî, Menyoal Wahdatul Wujud: Kasus Abdurrauf Sinkel di Aceh abd 17. Bandung: Mizan bekerjasama dengan Ecole Francaise D’Extreme-Orient Center De Jakarta, 1999.

Faudzinaim Hj. Badaruddin, “Menelusuri Akar Martabat Tujuh: Sebuah Ajaran Tasawuf Falsafi Nuantara”, d dalam Ahmad Sunawari Long, Jaffary Awang, dan Kamaruddin Salleh, Islam: Past, Present and Future, international Seminar on Islamic Thoughts Proceedings, 7-9 Desember 2004, Selangor: Departement of Theology and Philosophy, Faculty of Islamic Studies, Unversity Kebangsaan Malaysia, 2004.

Fauziah, Mira. “Pemikiran Tasawuf Hamzah Fansuri,” Jurnal Substantiva, Vol. 15, No. 2, Oktober 2013, 289-304.

Al-Ghazâlî, The Incoherence of the Philosophers (Tahfut al-Falâsifah), A Parallel Text Englis-Arabic, Translated, Introduced, and Anoted by Michael E Marmura, Utah: Bringham Young University Press, 2000.

Ibn Rusyd, Tahâfut at-Tahâfut, Sanggahan terhadap Tahafut al-Falasifah, diterjemahkan oleh Khalifurrahman Fath, Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar, 2004.

Ibn Sînâ, Al-Isyârat wa al-Tambîhât, Qum: Bustan Kitab, 1423 H.

Ismail, “Falsafah Wujûdiyyah Hamzah Fansuri: Pemikiran dan Pengaruhnya di Dunia Melayu Nusantara,” di dalam Manhaj, Vol. 4, Nomor 3, September-Desember (2016).

Johns, A. H. The Gift Addressed to the Spirit of The Prophet, Oriental Monograph Series, No. 1, Centre of Oriental Studies, The Australian National University.

Kurniawan, Ade Fakih. “Konsep Tajalli Abd al-Lāh ibn Abd al-Qahhār al-Bantaī dan Posisinya dalam Diskursus Wujūdiyyah di Nusantara”, Jurnal Keislaman Ulumuna, Volume 17 Nomo 2 Desember 2013, 275-302.

Leaman, Oliver. An Introduction to Classical Islamic Philosophy, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1985.

al-Kamâl, Abdul Wahâb. Sisi Sisi Teori Martabad Tujuh Syaikh Syams al-Dîn As-Sumatrani pada Emanasi Ibn Sînâ. Skripi S2 yang tidak diterbitkan, UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta, 2015.

Masfiah, Umi. Kajian Naskah Kitab Tahqiq di Kalimantan Selatan. Yogyakarta: CV. Arti Bumi Intaran, 2010,

Nasr, Seyyed Hossein. Islamic Philosophy From Its Origin to The Present: Philosophy in The Land of Prophecy, New York: State University Press, 2006.

Nasr, Seyyed Hossein dan Oliver Leaman. History of Isamic Philsophy, Part 1. Qum: Ansariyan Publication, 2001.

Pinem, Masmedia “Ajaran Martabat Tujuh dalam Naskah Asrar al-Khafi Karya Syaikh Abd al-Muthalib,” Jurnal Manuskripta, Vol., 2 No., 1, 2012, 33-52.

Rahman, Jamal D. Wahdatul Wujud dalam Puisi-Puisi Indonesia Modern: Mendiskusikan Puisi-Puisi Emha Ainun Nadjib, Dialektia: Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra, dan Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia, 3(2), 2016, 120-152.

Riddell, Peter. Islam and Malay-Indonesia World: Transmission and Responses, London: Hurst & Company, 2001.

Rohmana, Jajang A. “Tasawuf Sunda dan Warisan Islam Nusantara: Martabat Tujuh dalam Dangsing Haji Hasan Mustapa (1852-1950), al-Turas: Vol. XX No. 2, Juli 2013.

al-Safâ’, Ikhwân. Rasâ’il Ikhwân al-Safâ’, Jil. 3. Qum: Maktab al-I’lâm al-Islâmî, 2000.

Suhrawardî, The Philosophy of Illumination (Hikmah al-Isyrâq), A New Critical Edition of the Text of Hikmat al-Ishraq with English Translation, Notes, Commentary, and Introduced by John Wallbridge and Hossein Ziai. Utah: Bringham Young University Press, 1999.

Syamsuddin As-Sumatrani, http://melayuonline.com/ind/personage/dig/343/syamsuddin -as-sumatrani, diakses pada 8 Januari 2018.

Tahqiq, Nanang. Literatur Falsafah Islam di Indonesia Buah Karya para Penulis Indonesia, Jurnal Lektur Keagamaan, Vol. 13, No. 2, 2015, 313-340.

Tudjimah. Syekh Yusuf Makassari: Riwayat dan Ajarannya. Jakarta: Penerbit UI Press, 2005.

Umar, Ja’far. Jejak Kampung Filsafat Di Serambi Mekkah Abad XVI-XVII M. Tulisan ini diterbitkan di media online, http://liputanislam.com/kajian-islam/sejarah/jejak-kampung-filsafat-di-serambi-mekkah-abad-xvi-xvii-m, diakses, 11 Maret 2016.

Vakily, Abdollah. “Sufism, Power Politics, and reform: Al-Raniri’s Opposition to Hamzah Fansuri’s Teachings Reconsidered,” di Studi Islamika, Indonesia Journal for Islamic Studies, Vol.4., Number 1., 1997, 113-135.

Walbridge, John. God and Logic in Islam: The Caliphate of Reason. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2011).

Watt, William Mongomery. The Influence of Islam on Medieval Europe. Edinburgh, University Press, 1972.

Yazdi, Mehdi Hairi. The Principle of Epistemology in Islamic Philosophy: Knowledge by Presence. New York: State Universit

al-Muthalib”. Manuskripta 2, no. 1 (2012): 33-52.

Rahman, Jamal D. “Wahdatul Wujud dalam Puisi-Puisi Indonesia Modern: Mendiskusikan Puisi-Puisi Emha Ainun Nadjib”. Dialektia: Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra, dan Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia 3, no. 2 (2016): 120-152.

Riddell, Peter. Islam and Malay-Indonesia World: Transmission and Responses. London: Hurst & Company, 2001.

Rohmana, Jajang A. “Tasawuf Sunda dan Warisan Islam Nusantara: Martabat Tujuh dalam Dangsing Haji Hasan Mustapa (1852-1950)”. al-Turas XX, no. 2 (2013).

al-Safâ’, Ikhwân. Rasâ’il Ikhwân al-Safâ’. Jil. 3. Qum: Maktab al-I’lâm al-Islâmî, 2000.

Suhrawardî. The Philosophy of Illumination (Hikmah al-Isyrâq). A New Critical Edition of the Text of Hikmat al-Ishraq with English Translation, Notes, Commentary, and Introduced by John Wallbridge and Hossein Ziai. Utah: Bringham Young University Press, 1999.

Syamsuddin As-Sumatrani. http://melayuonline.com/ind/personage/dig/343/syamsuddin -as-sumatrani, diakses pada 8 Januari 2018.

Tahqiq, Nanang. “Literatur Falsafah Islam di Indonesia Buah Karya Para Penulis Indonesia”. Jurnal Lektur Keagamaan 13, no. 2 (2015): 313-340.

Tudjimah. Syekh Yusuf Makassari: Riwayat dan Ajarannya. Jakarta: Penerbit UI Press, 2005.

Umar, Ja’far. Jejak Kampung Filsafat di Serambi Mekkah Abad XVI-XVII M. Tulisan ini diterbitkan di media online, http://liputanislam.com/kajian-islam/sejarah/jejak-kampung-filsafat-di-serambi-mekkah-abad-xvi-xvii-m, accessed, March 11, 2016.

Vakily, Abdollah. “Sufism, Power Politics, and reform: Al-Raniri’s Opposition to Hamzah Fansuri’s Teachings Reconsidered”. Studi Islamika, Indonesia Journal for Islamic Studies 4, no. 1 (1997): 113-135.

Walbridge, John. God and Logic in Islam: The Caliphate of Reason. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2011).

Watt, William Mongomery. The Influence of Islam on Medieval Europe. Edinburgh: University Press, 1972.

Yazdi, Mehdi Hairi. The Principle of Epistemology in Islamic Philosophy: Knowledge by Presence. New York: State University of New York, 1992.

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.24014/jush.v27i1.5438