Pengaruh Resiliensi dan Empati terhadap Gejala Depresi pada Remaja

Endah Mujahidah, Ratih Arruum Listiyandini

Abstract


Remaja merupakan masa kritis bagi perkembangan seseorang karena dihadapkan pada berbagai tugas perkembangan yang merupakan transisi dalam proses menuju dewasa. Kegagalan remaja dalam mencapai tugas perkembangan membuat remaja rentan mengalami gangguan psikologis seperti depresi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peran resiliensi dan empati terhadap gejala depresi pada remaja. Penelitian merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain cross-sectional. Pengukuran dilakukan dengan menggunakan adaptasi skala Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale Revised-10 (CESDR-10) untuk mengukur depresi, adaptasi skala resiliensi Connor & Davidson, dan Basic Empathy Scale (BES) dari Jollife & Farrington. Sampel yang digunakan berjumlah 230 orang remaja berusia 12-20 tahun berdomisili di Jakarta yang diambil dengan teknik sampling convenience sampling. Hasil analisis statistik menggunakan uji regresi sederhana menunjukkan bahwa resiliensi memiliki kontribusi bermakna dalam menjelaskan tinggi rendahnya gejala depresi dengan sumbangan efektif sebesar 1,8%, dimana semakin tinggi resiliensi akan diikuti dengan gejala depresi yang lebih rendah. Empati juga dapat menjelaskan kemunculan gejala depresi secara bermakna dengan kontribusi efektif sebesar 2%, yaitu semakin tinggi empati, khususnya empati afektif, maka diikuti dengan meningkatnya gejala depresi pada remaja. Saat dilakukan uji regresi berganda dimana resiliensi dan empati menjadi variabel prediktor secara bersama, maka ditemukan bahwa empati dan resiliensi secara bersama dapat menjelaskan kemunculan gejala depresi secara bermakna dengan total sumbangan efektif sebesar 5,5%. Dalam hal ini, tingginya empati diikuti oleh meningkatnya gejala depresi, namun sebaliknya, resiliensi yang semakin tinggi akan diikuti dengan gejala depresi yang lebih rendah. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa resiliensi dan empati dapat menjadi prediktor yang signifikan dalam menjelaskan kemunculan gejala depresi pada remaja.


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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.24014/jp.v14i1.5035

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