DIGITAL LITERACY, PEER CONFIRMITY, AND JUVENILE DELINQUENCY SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL IN KERITANG

This study aims to determine the relationship 1) digital literacy and delinquency, 2) digital literacy and peer conformity, 3) digital literacy and peer conformity, 4) digital literacy and peer conformity simultaneously with delinquency of young high school students in Keritang District Indragiri Hilir Riau Riau. Using a correlational quantitative approach. The study population included 1148 students from 3 senior high schools in Keritang Indragiri Hilir Riau, a sample of 297 people used the Taro Yamane formula with the Random Sampling Technique. The data collection technique uses a closed questionnaire with a Likert model that has passed the validity and reliability tests. Data analysis techniques include, normality and linearity prerequisite tests, hypothesis testing using bivariate and multivariate correlations. The research results show 1). There is a significant relationship between digital literacy (X1) and juvenile delinquency (Y) with a negative relationship, namely the higher the adolescent's digital literacy, the lower the adolescent's delinquency. 2). There is a very significant relationship between peer conformity (X2) and adolescent delinquency with a positive relationship (Y). So that when peer conformity increases, the delinquent behavior of the adolescent also increases. 3). There is a significant simultaneous relationship between digital literacy (X1) and peer conformity (X2) with adolescent disability (Y) in the form of a significant positive relationship, that is, even though adolescents have high digital literacy, simultaneously they also have high conformity with peers. Similarly, it will have a positive relationship with juvenile delinquency.

addition, adolescents who have committed acts of delinquency have a strong potential to commit crimes again in adulthood. Based on data from various sources indicating an increase in delinquency in adolescents in Indonesia.
The increase in juvenile delinquency in Indonesia has occurred not only in terms of the amount of delinquency but also the variety and quality. Throughout August to October 2022 detik.com released several incidents of brawls between students that resulted in fatalities (Detik, 2022). increasing abuse of narcotics (Puslitdatin, 2019), cyberbullying (Riswanto &amp;Marsinun, 2020), sexual harassment (Sultan, 2022), cybersex (Harmaini &amp;Novitriani, 2019), based on the results of research conducted on 1,200 junior and senior high school students above in 12 cities in Indonesia, 97% of students have and like to open porn sites (Harmaini &amp;Novitriani, 2019). And other destructive acts of aggression. This increase is certainly motivated by several factors, including the rapid progress of internet-based information technology in the current Industrial Revolution 4.0 Era, especially in the world of education.
Learning by utilizing information and communication technology is a consequence of the development of the digitalization era. With various advantages and conveniences offered that allow students to learn creatively and independently to develop their interests and talents without having to be bound by space and time. This condition was also legitimized and supported by the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic some time ago which required every student to study remotely online using gadgets and the internet.
The use of gadgets and the internet among students is not only related to education. Having a gadget that is connected to the internet has become part of their lifestyle and needs which seem inseparable in their daily lives. So this situation provides an opportunity for teenagers to access the internet easily, instead of using it GoodStats released data on the most used social media today, including WhatsApp, Instagram, Facebook, Tiktok, and Telegram (Goodstats, 2022), and most of its users are teenagers aged 13-18 years (Pahlevi, R., 2022). All of these social media besides having a positive impact also have a negative impact and allow teenagers to be influenced and commit acts of delinquency.
Based on survey data from the Association of Indonesian Internet Service Providers (APJII), 76.63% 3 out of 4 respondents in the age group 13-18 years admit that there is an increase in the frequency of juvenile delinquency due to internet use (Pahlevi, 2022). A study shows the internet as a variable that has a significant influence on the increase in adolescent delinquency, namely when internet access increases by one percent, the dilinquency increases of 0.05 (Khusna &amp;Budiarti, 2019). Other research also shows that the higher the use of the internet in a negative direction, the higher the excluding rate (Asniati, Binasar, &amp; Jahada, 2020). In addition to the development of information and communication technology connected to the internet. Conformity or adjusting attitudes and behavior with the habits of peers is an equally important reason that has a relationship with adolescent delinquency behavior. Peers are a group of people of relatively the same age who have similarities in terms of level of education, class, hobbies, background and social status. They influence each other individually in terms of beliefs and behavior (Spadafora, Schiralli, &amp;Al-jbouri, 2020). Teenagers are happy to imitate behavior, attributes and attitudes towards an object in order to be accepted by their peers in social groups.
Conformity with peers who misbehave is more likely engage in juvenile delinquency than students who are not influenced by their peers (Tianingrum &amp;Nurjannah, 2020). This includes juvenile delinquency such as abuse of internet media, spreading fake news, spreading racial hatred and hostility, cybersex, drinking, inhaling glue, fighting, skipping school, free sex, smoking, acts of vandalism and so on. It is believed that adolescent delinquency behavior is caused by the influence of conformity of their peers (Tianingrum &amp;Nurjannah, 2020). Some of the research above In order to overcome adolescent dissonance, it is necessary to conduct a study that provides information about the variables that have a strong relationship with adolescent dissonance. Through the information generated by this research can be a reference for schools and parents to facilitate adolescents in using technology wisely, and supervise interactions with peers so that negative conformity does not form. This paper presents data on the relationship between 1) digital literacy and delinquency, 2) digital literacy and peer conformity, 3) digital literacy and peer conformity, 4) digital literacy and peer conformity simultaneously with delinquency in young high school students in the District Keritang Indragiri Hilir Riau.

Research Methodology
This research is a study that uses a quantitative approach to the type of correlational research. Correlational research is a type of research that wants to see the relationship between one or several variables with one or several other variables without trying to influence these variables (Yusuf, 2013 This research was conducted in several stages, namely, 1) Preliminary study with the aim of obtaining initial data regarding problems and symptoms at the research location, 2) researchers preparing administrative documents for research permits at locations where problems and symptoms are found, 3) researchers preparing research instruments, testing instruments in limited groups 4) researchers distributing questionnaires in 3 schools that show problems and symptoms, 5) researchers process and analyze research data, 6) researchers present research results and, 7) communicate research results with schools and related parties.
Data in this study were collected using a closed questionnaire where questions and answers were provided (Rahima &amp;Herlinda, 2017). The following are the types of response options and questionnaire scores. Data analysis is one of the steps in research activities which greatly determines the accuracy and validity of research results (Yusuf, A. Muri, 2017). The data in this study were analyzed through several stages. First, a simple correlation analysis. This test is used to see the relationship between; Digital literacy (X1) with adolescent delinquency (Y), peer conformity (X2) with adolescent delinquency (Y), digital literacy (X1) and peer conformity (X2). Second, the multiple correlation test, which is data analysis that functions to see the relationship between two independent variables (X) or more together (simultaneously) with the dependent variable (Y) (Riduwan, 2015).
Namely the relationship between digital literacy (X1) and peer conformity (X2) simultaneously with adolescent delinquency. The following describes the analysis of the data used. This study used parametric analysis which had previously passed the prerequisite analysis (normality and linearity tests). According to Riduwan, the data correlation test must be normally distributed and linear (Riduwan, 2015).

Results and Discussion
The correlation test on data X1 (digital literacy) and Y (adolescent delinquency) shows the following results: The results of the negative correlation test mean that the higher the digital literacy ability, the lower the juvenile delinquency (Paiman, 2019). This can be interpreted that the digital literacy variable (X1) is a variable that is needed and important to reduce the adolescent delinquency variable (Y) in this study. This ability is certainly a very good potential for teenagers in the current era of the 0.4 technological revolution. So that teenagers are able to apply what they know about norms, customs, and religion when they access and communicate through digital media. It is not enough just to inform and simply teach norms, customs and religion. But the most important thing is how to instill and grow awareness and belief about these values and teachings so that they become part of the youth's self-regulation.
Self regulation is a person's skill to control his behavior in achieving goals, and allows someone they postpone short-term gratification in order to realize results that are in accordance with their wishes in the future (Carey, Neal, &amp;Collins, 2004). So that good digital literacy is expected to be able to prevent youth from delinquency, especially those related to the digital world. Therefore, the digital literacy skills possessed by these adolescents must be developed in the context of obeying Allah in all activities. Digital literacy that has a strong foundation of monotheism will lead teenagers to obey Allah in a broad sense and will eventually give birth to an attitude of kindness in these teenagers. Teenagers must make Ihsan as self-regulation in all their activities. This is according to the words of Rasulullah SAW. Meaning: "Then said the angel Gabriel, "Tell me about ihsan". Then Rasulullah SAW said: "Ihsan is you worship Allah as if you see him, if you don't see him then He sees you. (HR. Muslim) (Hadi, 2022 (Kenchadze, 2015), general delinquency such as hurting others, and breaking the rules (Hidayah, 2020), smoking behavior (Fauzan, Firman, &amp; Daharnis, 2018), internet addiction (Jiang, Huang, &amp;Tao, 2018). The results of this study add to references regarding conformity as a variable that affects adolescent delinquency, but with different types of delinquency.
Several forms of delinquency described in this study include carrying sharp weapons, committing theft, beatings and fighting. The conformity bond of research subjects with their peers is illustrated through categorization (Irianto, 2010) as follows:

Table 4. Peer Conformity Categorization
Based on the frequency distribution of Table 4, it can be seen that the conformity level of adolescents is in the high range, which is quite a lot, namely 29.6%. In accordance with the results of this study, a positive correlation means that if conformity is high, delinquency is also high. This fact is supported by several factors, one of which is human motivation to gain acceptance and avoid social rejection.
Social acceptance is very important for teenagers. Everyone has the desire to be accepted and treated properly by others, therefore in social relations humans will behave in accordance with the social environment they have occupied or want to go to.
Behaving according to the norms formed by social groups is a requirement if someone wants to be accepted and recognized as a member and can establish relationships for a long time. If these conditions are not complied with, they may experience social rejection. Social rejection will cause many psychological problems for humans such as  (Hendriks, Putte, Gerhardt, &amp;Moreno, 2017), the impact of peer friendships in online media on smoking behavior and drinking (Huang et al., 2014), use of social media and bullying behavior (Kaloeti, Manalu, Kristiana, &amp;Bidzan, 2021). Psychopathic disorder can be recognized through aggressive and impulsive behavior (Khermarinah, 2018). Adolescents with psychopathic disabilities easily attack, in Banjarmasin shows that there is a positive relationship (Muhsinin, Zaqyyah, &amp;Khalilati, 2017). Research by Ridha Sirly et al., also found that peer conformity has a positive and significant influence on abusing behavior (Sirly et al., 2020), drinking alcohol (Siswendi, 2014), increasing the chances of teenagers drinking alcohol by 1.89 times, increased to 11,825 times when invited to drink by friends (Loke &amp;Mak, 2013).
In Indonesia, abuse that results in physical harm is common, as reported by Dakta.com (Lystiarti, 2022) from January to June 2022, fights between students continued to occur. Brawls between students also occurred throughout Ramadan 2023, not only physical contact, they even carried sharp weapons (Primantoro, 2023). The rampant occurrence of this type of dilenkuensi certainly cannot be tolerated considering the impact is so detrimental. Conditions like this are described by Shadikin Asyhar as changes in social norms from descriptive norms, namely behavior that is generally carried out by people when dealing with a situation to become injuctive norms, behavior that must be carried out or rejected so that it can be accepted in a situation (Asyhar, 2016). -earnestly and involve all parties involved, including how to optimize digital literacy skills and the role of peers the good one.

Conclusions and Recommendations
Based on data analysis, the results of this study can be concluded as follows : 1) There is a significant relationship between digital literacy (X1) and adolescent delinquency (Y) with a negative relationship. Namely, the higher the adolescent's digital literacy, the lower the adolescent's delinquency. 2) There is a significant relationship between digital literacy (X1) and peer conformity (X2). In the form of a positive relationship, namely, the higher the digital literacy, the higher the conformity of peers.
4) There is a significant simultaneous relationship between digital literacy (X1) and peer conformity (X2) with adolescent disability (Y) in the form of a significant positive relationship, even though adolescents have high digital literacy but simultaneously also have conformity with peers who also high, it will have a relationship with adolescent delinquency in a positive direction.