THE HARMONY LEVEL AMONG LECTURERS OF THE TEACHER EDUCATION INSTITUTE IN PENINSULAR MALAYSIA

Harmony and enjoyment at workplace have a positive influence on commitment, work productivity and loyalty to the organization. Therefore, this study aims to identify the level of harmony that consists of the dimensions of self-motivation, external motivation, physical environment, psychosocial and personal health among IPG Campus lecturers in Penninsular Malaysia. This study also aims to identify the differences level of harmony based on demographic factors (gender, age, academic qualifications and service duration) among the lecturers. Data was collected by a cross-sectional survey through the Teacher Institution's Well-being Questionnaire (TIWEQ) constructed by the researchers. The questionnaire had also been tested for the validity and reliability. A total of 857 samples were involved in this study. The findings of the study showed that the level of harmony among IPG campus lecturers in Peninsular Malaysia is at a high level of 53.2 percent (n = 456). Based on the dimensions, it was found that the highest mean value is the self-motivation dimension (M = 3.68, SD = 0.38) while the lowest mean value is the personal health dimension (M = 2


Introduction
A good and optimally functioning organization needs a harmonious atmosphere to stimulate the workplace environment. The productivity level of the workforce can be increased through a conducive workplace environment. However, most problems in organizations arise from the workplace environment faced by employees. In carrying out the duties and responsibilities, lecturers who teach in higher education institutions, are often faced with problems related to work pressure, workload, relationships with colleagues, students and also the various conditions such as facilities. This is because previous studies have found that the mentioned aspects are closely related to job satisfaction and enjoyment of work. Related studies such as the study of the attitude of the leader who always gives support (Bibi et al., 2019;Gordon, 2018;Morris et al., 2020), studies on good human resource management (Abid et al., 2019;Hendrawijaya, 2020;Nawaz et al., 2020;Tensay & Singh, 2020), collaborative work practices and mutual respect (Gordon, 2018;Sankey, 2017)  Although various studies were conducted to obtain empirical evidence (Bibi et al., 2019;Gordon, 2018;Hendrawijaya, 2020;Morris et al., 2020;Nawaz et al., 2020;Tensay & Singh, 2020), but it was found that the level awareness of the importance of mental health among education professionals has become a global issue and is still weak (Ohadomere & Ogamba, 2020) while many education professionals are reported to face mental health problems (Education Support, 2018) whereas it can be an important predictor of low productivity and job dissatisfaction among primary and higher education teachers. It may be attributable from personal factors as well as the workplace (Berebitsky et al., 2018;Morrish & Priaulx, 2020). For example, the findings of the Teacher Wellbeing Index 2018 (Education Support, 2019) found that more than threequarters of teachers have reported experiencing mental and physical health problems as a result of work, and even more than 50% are reported to have left the profession due to depression.
In Malaysia, such issues are also faced by a few education professionals. A recent study by Ilah et al. (2022) found that the level of burnout among East Zone Teacher Education Institute lecturers is at a moderately low level and it has a connection with the infrastructure and learning facilities of the campuses. Such things should not be taken for granted and if they are not properly and effectively handle, it is feared that this situation will continue and even the level of lecturers burnout will increase. For psychiatrists, Dr. Rosnizam in Utusan Metro, based on Ismail's writing (2021, February, 11), the level of burnout occurs when there is no more ability to cope with pressure, and when the source of strength in facing the pressure is shrinking. Therefore, it is a necessity to increase the harmony and enjoyment in working among academic lecturers and professional staff so that the enjoyment of working and work performance will continue to be maintained.
The phenomenon of harmony in the workplace has also become a major issue to discuss and make improvements. Therefore, an accurate data must be obtained in order to make improvements for the comfort of workers' workplace in Malaysia because workplace harmony will influence the quality of work among lecturers. Issues related to the uncomfortable feeling and enjoyment working among IPG lecturers in Peninsular Malaysia are influenced by various factors. Based on the Healthy Workplace Model (WHO, 2010) with the Two Factor Theory (Herzberg, 1959), the factors that have been identified are self-motivation, external motivation, physical environment factors, psychosocial environment and personal health. This study was carried out to get an answer to the issue of the number of lecturers who want to retire early and the number of taking optional retirement has increased to 60% every year (IPG Transformation 2016-2025. This trend has caused the number of human resources decrease and certainly has an impact on the smoothness of services and administration at IPG. This study is based on the Two Factor Theory by Herzberg (1959)  In the education world which is facing with stakeholders, administrators play an important role in ensuring that subordinates are in a wellbeing environment while working. Intrinsic (motivation) and extrinsic (workplace environment) factors need more attention so that these two factors can be improve to motivate employees to be more committed towards the quality of teaching and further sustaining the education system (Baroudi et al., 2020;Schleicher, 2018). Usually, in school education, teachers will feel disappointed if their demands and needs such as tasks given, salaries received, recognition and relationships with administrators are not met. This situation will affect their level of harmony at workplace (Baroudi et al., 2020).
Therefore, harmony and satisfaction in the workplace is important because it can design a person's mind control towards maximizing work performance and achieving personal potential (Pryce-Jones, 2010). Meanwhile, Ouchi (1981) also assumed that the management of organizations and human resources with humanitarian characteristics will be able to increase employee harmony. Therefore, it means that the level of harmony in the workplace is closely related to a positive work environment and personal factors, which is control the person mindset in order to motivate himself to reach his maximal potential.
It cannot be denied that harmony in the workplace is also closely related to job satisfaction (Kappelman, 2016). This means that the constructs of workplace harmony and job satisfaction have some similarities. Several studies have proven that this is true.

Levels of Self-motivation, External Motivation, Physical Environment, Psychosocial and Personal Health Among IPG Campus Lecturers of Peninsular Malaysia
The level of harmony among IPG Campus lecturers of Peninsular Malaysia based on dimensions is shown in Table 3. The findings of the study found that the highest level of

Gender Factor
An independent t-test was used to analyze the differences in the level of harmony based on gender (Table 4). The findings of this study found that there was no significant difference in the level of harmony based on gender [t(855, 822) = 1.806, p=.071].
Therefore, H01 is accepted, that is, there is no significant difference between the level of harmony based on demographic factors (gender) among IPG Campus lecturers ofPeninsular Malaysia.

Age Factor
The results of the one-way ANOVA test showed that there is no significant difference ( Therefore, H02 is accepted, that is, there is no significant difference between the level of harmony with the age factor among IPG Campus lecturers of Peninsular Malaysia.    This study is generally to identify the level of harmony among IPG Campus lecturers of Peninsular Malaysia. Based on the study, it was found that the level of harmony among IPG Campus lecturers in Peninsular Malaysia is moderately high. The high level of harmony has been contributed by several factors namely the dimensions of selfmotivation, external motivation and the psychosocial environment. Self-motivation among lecturers is the main factor that contributes to their level of harmony. This finding supports the view of the Two-Factor Theory by Herzberg (1959), that the state of pleasure or well-being at workplace can be influenced by motivational factors, namely the extent to which we enjoy working, the work factor itself, the recognition and the achievements received. Effective leadership factors, a positive workplace environment are also some of the factors that can contribute to a high level of harmony among IPG Campus lecturers of Peninsular Malaysia.
This finding also found that there is no significant difference between the level of harmony with gender factor, age factor, academic qualification factor and also the length of service factor among IPG Campus lecturers of Peninsular Malaysia. This study is supported by several previous studies such as studies by Gordon, 2018 and  Sankey, 2017 which also relate leadership factors in discussing about harmony and fun at workplace. However, this study is quite different from the study by Ilah et al. (2022) who found that the level of burnout among East Zone Teacher Education Institute lecturers is at a moderately low level and it has a connection with the infrastructure and learning facilities in campuses.

Conclusion and Suggestion
In general, the level of harmony among IPG Campus lecturers of Peninsular Malaysia is at a moderately high level. This requires an improvement to increase the level of harmony to a higher level. It is recommended that a structured training should be help to stimulate a more positive working climate or environment. Finally, the suggestion for further research is the need for a qualitative study to obtain more detailed information regarding the level of harmony among IPG lecturers Campus in Peninsular Malaysia.