WOMEN'S PARTICIPATION IN DEVELOPMENT: A CASE STUDY IN UPPKA KARTIKA BERLIAN, LAKSAMANA VILLAGE, DUMAI CITY

This research examines the participation and strategies of the women's community in Laksamana Village in developing UPPKA (Acceptor Family Income Increase Program) Kartika Berlian. This research uses a descriptive qualitative method. Data collection used in-depth interview techniques on 15 subjects consisting of UPPKA members, Kampung KB cadres, BKKBN assistants, village staff, and sponsor company field facilitators. The analysis was done by reducing the data, categorizing it into relevant topics, presenting it in narrative descriptions, and formulating conclusions. The results showed that UPPKA Kartika Berlian became a forum for the women's community in Laksamana Village to actualize themselves, meet their daily needs, and even encourage the wheels of the economy to replace the role of men. The strategy to support this effort is establishing partnerships with various stakeholders such as government agencies, State-Owned Enterprises (BUMN), and private companies to obtain financial assistance, infrastructure development, skills training, and various outreach activities.


INTRODUCTION
Development is an effort to change social systems such as politics, economy, infrastructure, defense, education, technology, institutions, and culture (Abe, 1994). Therefore, development can also be defined as economic, social, and cultural transformation (Portes, 1976).
Unfortunately, most development projects are carried out by the government with a patriarchal cultural system, which makes women not have a proper place in national development and even get negative stereotypes as "development burdens." Recently, the government, through the Ministry of Law and Human Rights, has emphasized the involvement of women in national development. This issue has become the main agenda of the Indonesian Presidency in the G20 forum, which aims to realize digital economic transformation. This agenda is inseparable from the fact that 64.5% of MSMEs in Indonesia are women. Therefore, women can potentially take a significant role in national development (Adiyudha & Hermawan, 2022).
Auguste Comte stated that social change is a linear process, including the development being pursued. The development of society in various regions goes through the same stages or sequences, both from the beginning and the end. When society is at the peak of development, that is when evolutionary change can be said to have ended (Soekanto, 1990). One of these stages refers to the dominance of patriarchal culture. This phenomenon does not just fall from the sky but is formed by humans through socialization from generation to generation. Patriarchal cultural values are the basis that determines one's actions in a social context (Koentjaraningrat, 1993).
Until now, we can find patriarchal culture in various cultures and many countries. Not only in developing and developed countries (Ruggles, 2015). In various aspects of life, subordination to women is still extreme. Patriarchal domination can lead to gender inequality, which has implications for physical, sexual, emotional, verbal, psychological, and economic violence, intimidation, and threats against women (You, Rusmansara, Mansoben, & Poli, 2019 In Agam District, various women's communities play an essential role in developing education, health, economy, and culture (Tane & Fatmariza, 2020). Meanwhile, in West Sulawesi, women are leading development in the health sector, even though they are far behind in education compared to men (Amory, 2019). Many women's movements focus on efforts to fulfill women's rights and promote equality in development. Unfortunately, previous studies still saw the contribution of women in development as a movement with a narrow locus. Gender mainstreaming is one of the strategies that can be used to achieve gender equality and justice (Sudarta, 2003).
Making women aware of oppression is crucial to increasing women's participation in development. According to the second wave of feminists, conscious rising is an alternative to awaken women from their confinement. On the other hand, Firestone (in Suwastini, 2013, p. 202) responds to Marxist ideas by encouraging women to control the means of production, replacing or even getting rid of men and their patriarchal culture.
The feminist movement emerged as a public concern for women's oppression. This movement was started by women and some men who felt that women's rights must be fought for. In the process, this effort has shifted women's position in a better social structure and  (Umniyyah, 2017) and methodically emerged from the independent awareness of the actors involved (Wijanarko, 2016), this study attempts to examine women in development that have been successfully driven by government policies, along with the strategies implemented to expand policy impact. The results of this research can enrich the study of the women's movement and its contribution to national development. This research is also a reference for stakeholders in formulating policies encouraging women's participation and realizing gender equality in the social, political, economic, infrastructure, defense, education, technology, institutional, and cultural fields.

This research uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive method, conducted from
March to May 2022. The data sources in this study are primary and secondary data. Primary data was obtained from in-depth interviews and field observations. The informant determination technique used a purposive technique based on several criteria in the study, including members of UPPKA Kartika Berlian and several parties involved in the intended programs and activities. The collected data is then reduced, categorized, displayed in images and, narrated, then reexamined before the conclusion.  (Sari, 2022). This role is reflected in the four institutional objectives of the UPPKA. First, encouraging family members to be involved in a productive economy by facilitating each member through various training, mentoring, and procuring production facilities and infrastructure. Second, equipping women with the ability to manage family finances and resources so that they can be accumulated to improve family welfare. Although the BKKBN has never stated that UPPKA is a feminist movement or that its membership is limited to women, research shows that UPPKA members are primarily women.

UPPKA Kartika Berlian as a National Movement That Accommodates Women in
This can happen due to various factors. Men's lack of involvement is caused by their primary job, which takes too much time and attention. Feminism voices the importance of women's position to be free to express themselves and not to be pressured by men, culture, power, or capital (Muqoyyidin, 2013). In this context, UPPKA Kartika Berlian is the only place for excluded women who do not have opportunities in the public sector. From a feminist point of view, UPPKA Kartika Berlian is a place for women to express freedom of life, in which women are free from the patriarchal system within the family institution. This condition occurs because their husbands cannot carry out their roles due to drug abuse. Women must take over their role by working in the public sector to sustain their families through UPPKA Kartika Berlian.
In this context, feminism empowers women to be able to fulfill their personal and family needs, as well as contribute to national development. Through UPPKA Kartika Berlian, women are educated so they are not confined to stereotypes that they are weak, helpless, and dependent on men to live. Through UPPKA Kartika Berlian, they are taught to be able to carry out various roles performed by men, including working in the public sector. What needs to be considered is that, at a certain level, women's participation in the public sphere can cause social problems between husband and wife. In developed countries like America and Europe, the radical feminist movement is the cause of high divorce rates (Vignoli, Matysiak, Styrc, & Tocchioni, 2018). In Laksamana Village, the role of women is not just to support family welfare but instead in the context of taking over the role of men in the family. The right strategy is needed so that women's participation through the UPPKA does not become a scapegoat for problems between husband and wife that may occur in the future. Many residents, especially men working as drug dealers, make women socially and economically vulnerable (Fatkhullah, Habib, & Nisa, 2022, p. 860). In Laksamana Village, women are vulnerable to neglect and domestic violence, having little choice but to take over the role of men in the family. Not only taking care of the house, kitchen, and bed, women are also responsible for earning a living while protecting the next generation and breaking the chain of drug abuse. Through UPPKA, women can support their families and campaign for the anti-drug movement in the Laksamana Village. BKKBN's achievements in increasing women's participation are inseparable from an effective development communication strategy. These strategies include: 1. Identify goals and needs. In establishing or designing the UPPKA program, BKKBN has set objectives based on national data. The data is then adjusted according to needs based on field observations, as well as mapping of stakeholders; 2. Design a strategy, determine the expected changes or results, the targets of the program, and the tools and messages used for effective communication; DOI: 10.24014/ Marwah.v22i1.17236 Marwah: Jurnal Perempuan, Agama dan Jender (p-ISSN: 1412-6095 | e-ISSN: 2407-1587) Vol. 22, No. 1, 2023 3. Implement a program that is flexible, adaptive to suggestions and input from various parties involved so that they can take advantage of existing opportunities;   22, No. 1, 2023, Hal. 87 -99 95 UPPKA Kartika Berlian's participation in development breaks the stereotype that women are nothing more than objects of exploitation in the era of consumption society (Habib, Nisa, Fatkhullah, Usrah, & Budita, 2022, pp. 171-173). Through various productive activities, this community can move the wheels of the economy, replacing the role of men as the head of the family. They carry out a dual role to fulfill the family economy and homemakers who have to take care of children, the kitchen, and other domestic needs. to empowering women is supported by its ability to collaborate with various stakeholders ranging DOI: 10.24014/ Marwah.v22i1.17236 Marwah: Jurnal Perempuan, Agama dan Jender (p-ISSN: 1412-6095 | e-ISSN: 2407-1587) Vol. 22, No. 1, 2023