Identifikasi Nematoda di Perkebunan Kelapa Sawit PTPN V Sei Pagar

Arbi Darmawan, Ahmad Taufiq Arminudin, Elfi Rahmadani

Abstract


Nematodes are plant pest organisms from the phylum Nemathelmithes which are composite in nature and attack various types of main crops such as oil palm so that they can cause varying losses. The heaviest losses usually occur at the end of the rainy season and the first 2-3 months of the dry season. This research aims to identify nematodes associated in soil with oil palm plants at the PTPN V Sei Pagar Oil Palm Plantation. The research was carried out in October – December 2023 in the form of surveys and observations using experimental methods containing the results of observations of nematode morphology. Root and soil samples were taken at PTPN V Sei Pagar, nematode extraction used a modified Baerman funnel method and identification was carried out at the Pathology, Entomology, Microbiology and Soil Science Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, State Islamic University of Sultan Syarif Kasim Riau. The results of the research showed that the nematode genera found at PTPN V Sei Pagar in two divisions and different planting years were 4 genera, namely Helicotylenchus, Mylonchulus, Rhabditis and Aphelenchus

Keywords


identification;palm oil;nematodes

Full Text:

PDF

References


Afandi, M Utomo, & Susilo FX 2015, Bio-physical characterization of benchmarks areas of CSM BGBD project in Indonesia, Preliminary Report of CSM BGBD Project Indonesia, (unpublished). 17 p.

Astuti, DS dan Ruslan 2019, ‘Isolasi dan identifikasi nematoda parasit di area persawahan Desa Mendenrejo Kabupaten Blora’, Prosiding Seminar Nasional Pendidikan Biologi dan Saintek (SNPBS) le-IV.

Balai Karantina Pertanian 2011, Organisme penggangu tanaman karantina tanaman kelapa sawit (Elaeis guineensis). Badan Balai Karantina. Kementrian Pertanian. 6 hal.

Balai Perlindungan dan Sertifikasi Benih (BPSB) 2018, Pedoman diagnosis OPTK golongan nematoda. Kementerian Pertanian Republik Indonesia.

Bramasta, MW 2022, ‘Keanekaragaman dan Kepadatan Populasi Genus Nematoda Parasit pada Rizosfer Tanaman Kentang di Sentra Produksi Kabupaten Solok’, Skripsi. Fakultas Pertanian. Universitas Andalas. Sumatera Barat.

Cadet, P & Spaull, VW 2020, ‘Nematodes associated with oil palm and coconut in West Africa’, Journal of Nematology, vol. 52, no.1, pp. 2020-123.

Dariansyah, D 2008, ‘Efektivitas Formulasi Khintin terhadap Pengendalian Nematoda Parasit Tumbuhan Rotylenchus buxophilus dan Xiphinema diversicaudatum pada tanaman Kelapa Sawit, Skripsi, Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Sriwijaya, Sumatera Selatan.

Dmowska, E & Kozlowska, J 1988, ‘Communities of nematodes in soil treated with semi-liquid manure’, Pedobiologia, 32(5-6): 323-330.

Dropkin, VH 1992, Pengantar Nematologi Tumbuhan, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta.

Dropkin, VH 1996, Pengantar nematologi tumbuhan, Gadjah Mada Universitas Press, Yogyakarta.

Dutta, TK, Ganguly, AK, & Gaur, HS 2012, ‘Global Status of Rice Root Rice Root Knot Nematode, Meloidogyne graminicola’, Afr J Microbiol Res., vol. 6, no. 31, hlm. 6016–6021.

Fauzi, Y, Yustina, Widyastuti, E, Satyawibawa, I, & Paeru, RH 2012, Kelapa sawit, Penebar Swadaya, Jakarta. 168 hal.

Gintoron CS, Mohammed MA, Sazali SN, Deka EQ, Ong KH, Shamsi IH, King PJH 2023, ‘Factors Affecting Pollination and Pollinators in Oil Palm Plantations: A Review with an Emphasis on the Elaeidobius kamerunicus Weevil (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)’, Insects, vol. 14, no. 5, pp 454.

Griffin G, Asay K, & Horton W, 1996, ‘Factors affecting population trends of plant-parasitic nematodes on rangeland grasses’, J. Nematol., vol. 28:107.

Gorny, M, & Grum, L 1993, Methods in Soil Zoology, Polish Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, 459 p.

Indarti, S, Rahayu, B, Subandiyah, S & Indarti, L 2011, ‘Prevalensi nematoda parasit pada pertanaman pisang di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta’, Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia, vol. 17 no.1, hlm. 36-40.

Kerry, BR, Wharton, DA, & Gathorne-Hardy, FJ 2020, ‘Interactive diagnostic key to plant parasitic, freeliving and predaceous nematodes’, Nematology, vol. 22, no. 8, hlm. 799-815.

Lisnawita, 2013, ‘Penggunaan Tanaman Resisten : Suatu Strategi Pengendalian Nematoda Parasit Tanaman’, Hama Tanaman, vol. 1, no. 1, hlm. 1-10.

Liswarini, Y, Resti, Z, & Businah, M 2019, ‘Keanekaragaman dan kepadatan populasi nematoda parasit pada rizofer tanaman wortel (daucus carota) di sentra produksi Sumatera Barat, Prosiding Seminar Nasional Masy Biodic Indonesia, hlm. 190-193.

May, WF, & Lyon, HH 1975, Pictorial key to genera of plant-parasitic nematodes, Comstock Publishing Associates, Cornell University Press, 288 p.

Mirsam, H, Supramana, & Suastika, G 2015, ‘Deteksi dan identifikasi spesies meloidogyne pada tanaman wortel dari Dataran Tinggi Malino, Gowa, Sulawesi Selatan’, Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia, vol. 11, hlm. 1–8.

Mustika, I 2015, ‘Konsepsi dan strategi pengendalian nematoda parasit tanaman perkebunan di Indonesia’, Perspektif, vol. 4, no. 1, hlm. 20-32.

Nisa, RU, Tantray, AY, Kouser, N, Allie, KA, Wani, SM, Alamri, SA, Alyemeni, MN, Wijaya, L & Shah, AA 2021, ‘Influence of ecological and edaphic factors on biodiversity of soil nematodes’, Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences, vol. 28, no. 5, hlm. 3049-3059.

Novianita, D, Fitriyanti D & Gafur, A 2021 ‘Nematoda tanah Monochida pada kebun durian (Durio sp.) di Banjarbaru, Kalimatan Selatan’, Bioscientiae, vol.18, no. 2, hlm. 67-75.

Panjaitan, PS 2009, ‘Identifikasi jenis nematoda di perkebunan kelapa sawit (Elaeis guineensis PTPN VII unit usaha Rejosari Lampung Selatan’, Skripsi, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Brawijaya., Malang.

Rahman, SA, Zain, SNM, Mat, Sidam, MZB, A. K., Othman, RY & Mohamed Z 2014, ‘Population distribution of plant parasitic nematodas of banana in Peninsular Malaysia’, Sains Malaysiana, vol. 43, pp. 176–177.

Restu, IW 2002, ‘Kajian pengembangan wisata mangrove di Taman Hutan Raya Ngurah Rai Wilayah Pesisir Selatan Bali’, Tesis, Program Pasca Sarjana, Institut Pertanian Bogor, Bogor.

Sagita, IS, Siswanto, B & Hairiah, K 2014, ‘Studi Keragaman dan Kerapatan Nematoda pada Berbagai Sistem Penggunaan Lahan di Sub Das Konto’, Jurnal Tanah dan Sumberdaya Lahan, vol. 1, no.1, pp. 51-60.

Sarmah, Rahayu, W, & Supramana 2022, ‘Komunitas nematoda pada lahan pertanaman wortel dan hubungannya dengan populasi mikroba tanah’, Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim, vol. 46, no. 1, pp. 91 – 102.

Scholze VS & Sudhaus W 2011, ‘A Pictorial Keyy to Current Genus Groups of Thabdhitidae’, Journal Nematode Morpho’,vol. 14, no. 2, pp.105-112.

Septiani, L, Swibawa, IG, Lestari, P & Aeny, TN 2018, ‘Pengaruh beberapa jenis fungisida sebagai perlakuan benih jagung terhadap kelimpahan dan keragaman nematoda’, J. Agrotek Tropika, vol. 6, no.1, pp. 34-38.

Setiawan, DF, Suyadi, & Rosfiansyah 2019, ’Identifikasi genera nematoda pada lahan perkebunan karet (Hevea braziliensis) di Desa Santan Ulu Kecamatan Marangkayu Kabupaten Kutai Negara’, Jurnal Agroekoteknologi Tropika Lembab, vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 144-150.

Pradana, PA, Oktafiyanto, MF, Eris, DD & Munif, A 2016, ’Keragaman nematoda parasit tanaman pada rizofer dan akar kina (Cinchona ledgerina) di Gambung, Indonesia’, Prosiding Seminar Nasional Perkebunan, Institut Pertanian Bogor, Bogor, hlm. 14-25.

Swibawa, IG, Fitryana, D, Septiani, L, Suharjo, R & Prasetyo, J 2017, ‘Dampak aplikasi fungisida perakuan benih jagung terhadap kelimpahan nematoda dan artropoda tanah’, Seminar Nasional Pengembangan Teknologi Pertanian, Politeknik Negeri Lampung, hlm.1-8.

Swibawa, IG 2001, ‘Keanekaragaman nematoda dalam tanah pada berbagai tipe tataguna lahan Di Asb-Benchmark Area Way Kanan’, Jurnal Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Tropika, vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 54-59.

Tarjan, A, PE, Robert & Shih, LC 1977, ‘Interactive diagnostic key to plant parasitic, freeliving and predaceous nematodes’, Journal of the Water Pollution Control Federation, vol. 49, pp. 2318−2337.

Wahyuni, PI 2022, ‘Identifikasi nematoda parasit tanaman pisang (Musa paradisiaca) asal Indralaya Utara, Ogan Ilir, Sumatera Selatan, Skripsi, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Sriwijaya, Palembang.

Wallace, HR 1963, ‘The biology of plant parasitic nematodes’, Soil Ecol, vol. 13, pp. 137-150.

Wallace, HR 1973, Nematode Ecology and Plant Disease, Alden Press, South Australia.

Widowati, R, Indarti, S, & Rahayu, B 2014, ‘Sebaran genera nematoda nonparasit tumbuhan pada kopi arabika’, Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia, vol. 18, no. 1, pp. 24-32.




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.24014/ja.v15i1.30846

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


 

Alamat : Jalan H.R Soebrantas KM 15 Panam, Pekanbaru, Riau.

Email : jurnalagroteknologi@yahoo.com


Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

View My Stats