UJI KONSENTRASI EKSTRAK DAUN SIRIH HUTAN BERPELARUT ORGANIK TERHADAP WERENG COKLAT

Rusli Rustam; Arum Refsia Mahardina

doi:10.24014/ja.v15i1.21783

UJI KONSENTRASI EKSTRAK DAUN SIRIH HUTAN BERPELARUT ORGANIK TERHADAP WERENG COKLAT

Rusli Rustam, Arum Refsia Mahardina

Abstract

Rice is one of the priority food crop in Indonesia. The main problem faced by rice cultivation is the attack of brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens Stall.), this pest is one of the most important pest in rice cultivation, because it can cause a production decrease up to 100% by causing hopperburn symptoms and becoma a desease vector. Botanical pesticide of spiked pepper (Piper aduncum L.) can be the safe alternative to controling brown planthopper. This research aims to obtain effective concentration to controling brown planthopper. The research was conducted at The Plant Pest Laboratory Faculty of Agriculture and Organic Chemistry and Natural Materials Laboratory Faculty of Engineering, Riau University, from November 2020 to Januari 2021, using completely randomized design (CRD) consist of 6 treatments 4 replications. The treatment application consisted of concentrations of 0%, 0.20%, 0.40%, 0.60%, 0.80%, and 100% spiked pepper leaf methanol solvent extract. The result showed that different concentration significantly affected to the death of brown planthopper. Concentrations starting from 0.20% has good performance in killing pest, but the effective concentration to control brown planthoppers is 0.60% concentration of spiked pepper leaf methanol extract, with a total mortality of 82.50%, initial time of death 3.25 hours, and 50% time of death at 10 hours after application.

Keywords

botanical pesticide, Nilaparvata lugens Stall., Piper aduncum L.

Full Text:

PDF

References

Baehaki, SE & Mejaya 2014, ‘Wereng coklat sebagai hama global bernilai ekonomi tinggi dan strategi pengendaliannya’, Jurnal IPTEK Tanaman Pangan., vol. 9, no. 2, hlm. 1 – 12.

Durofil, Andrea, Radiace, M, J.Blanco-Salas, & Ruiz-Telez, T 2021, ‘Piper aduncum essential oil: a promising insecticide, acaricide and antiparasitic’, Parasite Journal., vol. 28, no. 42, pp. 1 – 19.

Dadang dan Prijono, D 2008, ‘Insektisida Nabati: Prinsip, Pemanfaatan, dan Pengembangan’, Institut Pertanian Bogor Press, Bogor.

Hasfita, F, Nasrul, ZA & Lafiyati 2019, ‘Pemanfaatan daun pepaya (Carica papaya) untuk pembuatan pestisida nabati’, Jurnal Teknologi Kimia Unimal., vol. 1, no. 2, hlm. 13 – 24.

Hasyim, A, Setiawati, W, Lukman, L & Marhaeni, LS 2019, ‘Evaluasi konsentrasi letal dan waktu letal insektisida botani terhadap ulat bawang (Spodoptera exigua) di laboratorium’, Jurnal Hortikultura., vol. 29, no. 1, hlm. 69 – 80.

Hock, W 2022, ‘Toxicity of Pesticide’, dirilis 30 Juni 2022, diunduh 7 Februari 2023, .

Ismed, M, Rustam, R & Fauzana, H 2016, ‘Uji beberapa konsentrasi ekstrak tepung daun sirih hutan (Piper aduncum L.) terhadap mortalitas wereng coklat (Nilaparvata lugens Stal.) pada tanaman padi (Oryza sativa L.)’, Jurnal Dinamika Pertanian., vol. 31, no. 1, hlm. 15 – 21.

Karsidi, J, Rustam, R & Laoh, JH 2014, ‘Uji beberapa konsentrasi ekstrak daun sirih hutan (Piper aduncum L.) untuk mengendalikan Leptocorisa oratorius F, (Hemiptera: Alydidae) pada tanaman padi (Oryza sativa L.)’, Jurnal Online Mahasiswa., vol. 1, no. 1, hlm.1 – 14.

Lena, S, Sinaga, A & Siahaan, F 2020, ‘Penerapan sistem fuzzy tsukamoto dalam memperkirakan hasil produksi padi’, Jurnal Penerapan Kecerdasan Buatan., vol. 1, no. 2, hlm. 126 – 130.

Mahera, R, Yetti, E & Rustam, R 2015, ‘Uji beberapa konsentrasi ekstrak daun sirih hutan (Piper aduncum L.) terhadap jamur Ganoderma boninense Pat. secara in vitro’, Jurnal Online Mahasiswa Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Riau., vol. 2, no.2, hlm. 1 – 7.

Nakhleh, J, Moussawi, LE & Osta, MA 2017, ‘Chapter Three - The Melanization Response in Insect Immunity’, Academic Press, United States.

Pano, SJ, R & Datau, F 2016, ‘Respons Sitophilus zeamais Terhadap Jeringau (Acorus calamus L.) sebagai Insektisida Alami pada Variasi Wadah Penyimpanan’, Tesis, Pascasarjana, Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Negeri Gorontalo, Gorontalo.

Rusda, K & Syahni, R 2016, ‘Respons permintaan pangan terhadap pertambahan penduduk di Sumatera Barat’, Jurnal Pembangunan Nagari., vol. 1, no. 2, hlm. 19 – 36.

Safira, R, Widodo, N & Budiyanto, MAK 2016, ‘Efektifitas insektisida nabati buah Crescentia cujete dan bunga Syzygium aromaticum terhadap mortalitas Spodoptera litura secara invitro sebagai sumber belajar biologi’, Jurnal Pendidikan Biologi Indonesia., vol. 2, no. 3, hlm. 265 – 276

Sanini, C, Massarolli, A, Krinski, D & Butnariu, AR 2017, ‘Essential oil of spiked pepper, Piper aduncum L. (Piperaceae), for the control of caterpillar soybean looper, Chrysodeixis includens Walker (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)’, Brazilian Journal of Botany., vol. 40, no. 2, pp. 399 – 404.

Sianturi, YPPA, Dadang, & Sartimi, D 2022, ‘Bioactivity of extracts from Syzygium aromaticum, Annona muricata, and Piper retrofractum against Spodoptera frugiperda J. E. Smith (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)’, IOP Conference: Earth and Environmental Series. International Conference on Climate Change, Agriculture, Biodiversity, and Environment Study, Online, Indonesia, hlm.1 – 8.

Suryani, NC, Dewa, G & Anom, J 2016, ‘Pengaruh jenis pelarut terhadap kandungan total flavonoid dan aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak daun matoa (Pometia pinnata)’, Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknlogi Pangan., vol. 5, no. 1, hlm. 1 – 10.

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.24014/ja.v15i1.21783